《世界上最动人的书信(常春藤英语书系)(全新中英文对照版)》

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世界上最动人的书信(常春藤英语书系)(全新中英文对照版)- 第1节


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阿格丽皮娜致尼禄(1)

  罗马帝国克劳狄乌斯王朝最后一任皇帝尼禄(公元37—68年)是一位有名的暴君。他凭母亲阿格丽皮娜之助,于公元54年继位为罗马帝国皇帝。后来,阿格丽皮娜与尼禄产生矛盾,被尼禄监禁。这是阿格丽皮娜被监禁后的自辩书。尼禄看后丝毫不为之所动,于公元59年将阿格丽皮娜绞死。
  
  从未生育的丝莉娜一点也不懂母爱,我对此丝毫不觉得奇怪。一个未生育过的女人当然不会明白如何去承受失子之痛。对于没有亲身经历过的事物,人们总是觉得讨厌,或者漠不关心,这是很自然的事……但让我感到震惊的是那恶毒狡猾的妖言,竟使你做出这种野蛮残忍的事情来……
  我的儿啊,你难道还不知道每位母亲对自己的儿女都有一种出于天性的爱吗?我们的爱是博大无边的,并且不断得到只有我们自己才能领悟到的那种感情的滋养。对于身为人母的人来说,世上没有什么比我们冒着生命危险换取来的孩子更亲的了;没有什么比我们受苦受怕而后获得的东西更宝贵的了。我们的担心和痛苦非常剧烈,几乎无法忍受,如果不是怀着生产成功的希望(它可以让我们忘却痛苦),繁衍后代的事就会马上停止。
  我九月怀胎,用自己的血液滋养了你,这些难道你都不记得了吗?有人说我会害死自己历尽磨难才生出来的儿子,这样的事可能吗?那或许是我对你太溺爱了,公正的神明因此勃然大怒,才通过这样的途径来惩罚我吧。
  不幸的阿格丽皮娜啊!你被怀疑犯了一种罪,一种没有人会真正相信你犯的罪……如果我被指控犯下了这种连最卑鄙的女人都深恶痛绝的罪行,那么皇太后的名分对我而言又有什么意义呢?在宫廷里苟且偷生的人是多么不幸!即使是最明智的人也不能避免这海港中的风暴。在那里,连风平浪静的时刻都充满危险。然而,何必要埋怨宫廷呢?难道是因为它我才被怀疑犯下了弑君之罪吗?
  请告诉我,我为什么要密谋杀害你呢?为了使我自己遭受厄运吗?可能性不大吧!我又能在你驾崩后得到什么好处呢?我明白篡位的野心往往会使人做出伤天害理的事,律法又常常对这类罪犯无能为力,而且野心家会不择手段地达到目的……但是,倘若我犯下了这种昧良心的罪恶,我又能到哪个神灵面前去请求赦免呢?
  ……
  为了使你登基称王,什么苦我没有吃过?我提醒你记得我曾为你所做的一切,是否会玷辱了你的感恩之心。我的清白不应该自己去申辩,而应该完全仰仗你内心的公正。
  再见
  Agrippina
  To 
  
  I do not wonder that barren Silana has no sense of maternal affection。 One who has never borne a son naturally would not know how to bear the loss of one。 Nature renders either hateful or indifferent those objects that we do not ourselves experience… I am amazed that even the most skillful sorcery of words could make you pay the least attention to such barbarous inhumanity…
  Don't you know; my son; the affection all mothers naturally bear their children? Our love is unbounded; incessantly fed by that tenderness unknown to all but ourselves。 Nothing should be more dear to us than what we have bought with the risk of our lives; nothing more precious than what we have endured such grief and pain to procure。 These are so acute and unbearable that if it were not for the vision of a successful birth; which makes us forget our agonies; generation would soon cease。

阿格丽皮娜致尼禄(2)
Do you forget that nine full months I carried you in my womb and nourished you with my blood? How likely is it; then; that I would destroy the dear child who cost me so much anguish to bring into the world? It may be that the just gods were angry at my excessive love of you; and used this way to punish me。
  Unhappy Agrippina! You are suspected of a crime of which nobody could really think you guilty… What does the title of empress mean to me; if I am accused of a crime that even the basest of women would abhor? Unhappy are those who breathe the air of the court。 The wisest of people are not secure from storms in that harbor。 There even a calm is dangerous。 But why blame the court? Can that be the cause of my being suspected of parricide? …
  Tell me; why should I plot against your life? To plunge myself into a worse fate? That's not likely。 What hopes could induce me to build upon your downfall? I know that the lust for empire often corrupts the laws of nature; that justice has no sword to punish those who offend in this way; and that ambition disregards wrong so long as it succeeds in its aim… Nay; to what deity could I turn for absolution after I had mitteed so black a deed?
  …
  What difficulties have I not surmounted to crown your brow with laurels? But I insult your gratitude by reminding you of my services。 My innocence ought not to defend itself but to rely wholly on your justice。
  Farewell
  

切斯特菲尔德勋爵致儿子(一)(1)

  切斯特菲尔德(1694—1773),英国著名的外交家兼作家,曾任驻荷兰大使、国务大臣等。他风流倜傥,在英国是讲究礼仪的典范,以著作《给儿子的信》而闻名于世。本篇选自《致儿子的信》,是切斯特菲尔德勋爵写给儿子的家书,其内容说理透彻,辞藻华丽。
  
  亲爱的孩子:
  无论你做出什么样的举动,都会在某种程度上对我产生非常明显的影响。最近我收到两封洛桑的来信,一封寄自圣·日耳曼夫人,另一封寄自庞比尼先生,他们都对你赞赏有加,我感到十分欣慰。因此,为了不辜负他们,也为了不辜负你,我觉得有必要写信让你知道。
  那些配得上享有美名的人,应该让他们了解自己享有的名声,从而感到快慰。这不仅是一种奖赏,而且是一种激励。他们在信中夸你不仅彬彬有礼,而且很有教养;他们还说,原来你所具有的拘谨、害羞、胆怯和粗鲁的英国式的外表(在我看来,你以前的确有过这些毛病),现在几乎全都消失了。听了这些我十分高兴,因为就像我经常对你说的那样,那些和蔼可亲的风度、落落大方的仪表、温文尔雅的举止等次要的修养,比一般人所想像的要更为重要,尤其是在英国。
  品格和学识就像黄金般珍贵,它们具有永恒的价值,然而如果不加以雕琢,它们肯定会失去绝大部分的光泽,人们甚至会把闪闪发光的黄铜看得比粗糙的黄金更珍贵。
  法国人良好的仪态和教养不知掩盖了多少瑕疵啊!有很多法国人缺乏常识,甚至更多的法国人非常浅薄。但是,他们总会用仪态弥补这些缺点,因此人们往往察觉不到。
  我常常这样说,也这样想,一个品德高尚、学识渊博、理性健全的法国人,再加上他们特有的仪态和良好的教养,可以说具有十全十美的人格了。只要你愿意,你一样也能(我也期望你一定会)达到这种十全十美的境界。
  你应该明白什么叫品德,只要你乐意,你就能得到它,它是人人都做得到的事情,没有得到它的人非常不幸。上天已经赋予你远见卓识,你的学问也足够用了——你在不算太长的时间里学会了应该学的东西。你在拥有这些之后,很早就被送出去增长见识。你在外面如果吸取不到其他能使你的品格变得更加完美的修养,那就是你自己的问题了。
  你应该再去拜访圣·日耳曼夫人和庞比尼先生,告诉他们你从我这里了解到他们对你的溢美之词,并向他们表示感谢。
  再见!继续努力吧,孩子!你要让自己配得上这些赞美之词,这样的话,你就值得享有并且已享有我的真爱。
  旧历1747年3月6日于伦敦
  Lord Chesterfield
  To
  
  London;
  March 6; 
  Dear Boy;
  Whatever you do; will always affect me; very sensibly; one way or another; and I am now most agreeably affected by two letters; which I have lately seen from Lausanne; upon your subject; the one was from Madame St。 Germain; the other from Monsieur Pampigny: they both give so good an account of you; that I thought myself obliged; in justice both to them and to you; to let you know it。
  Those who deserve a good character ought to have the satisfaction of knowing that they have it; both as a reward and as an encouragement。 They write; that you are not only décrotté; but tolerably wellbred; and that the English crust of awkward bashfulness; shyness; and roughness; (of which; by the bye; you had your share) is pretty well rubbed off。 I am most heartily glad of it; for; as I have often told you; those lesser talents; of an engaging; insinuating manner; an easy goodbreeding; a genteel behaviour and address; are of infinitely more advantage than they are generally thought to be; especially here in England。

切斯特菲尔德勋爵致儿子(一)(2)
Virtue and learning; like gold; have their intrinsic value; but if they are not polished; they certainly lose a great deal of their lustre; and even polished brass will pass upon more people than rough gold。
  What a number of sins does the cheerful; easy goodbreeding of the French frequently cover! Many of them want mon sense; many more mon learning; but; in general; they make up so much; by their manner; for those defects; that; frequently; they pass undiscovered。
  I have often said; and do think; that a Frenchman; who; with a fund of virtue; learning; and goodsense; has the manners and goodbreeding of his country; is the perfection of human nature。 This perfection you may; if you please; and I hope you will; arrive at。
  You know what virtue is: you may have it if yo
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