¡¶°ÍÀ­¿Ë¡¤°Â°ÍÂí¡·

ÏÂÔر¾Êé

Ìí¼ÓÊéÇ©

°ÍÀ­¿Ë¡¤°Â°ÍÂí- µÚ9½Ú


°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
in¡¡another¡¡church£¿¡¡And¡¡I¡¡confess¡¡that¡¡if¡¡all¡¡that¡¡I¡¡knew¡¡of¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright¡¡were¡¡the¡¡snippets¡¡of¡¡those¡¡sermons¡¡that¡¡have¡¡run¡¡in¡¡an¡¡endless¡¡loop¡¡on¡¡the¡¡television¡¡and¡¡You¡¡Tube£»¡¡or¡¡if¡¡Trinity¡¡United¡¡Church¡¡of¡¡Christ¡¡conformed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡caricatures¡¡being¡¡peddled¡¡by¡¡some¡¡mentators£»¡¡there¡¡is¡¡no¡¡doubt¡¡that¡¡I¡¡would¡¡react¡¡in¡¡much¡¡the¡¡same¡¡way¡£

¸üÍêÉƵÄÁª°î£¨8£©
But¡¡the¡¡truth¡¡is£»¡¡that¡¡isn't¡¡all¡¡that¡¡I¡¡know¡¡of¡¡the¡¡man¡£¡¡The¡¡man¡¡I¡¡met¡¡more¡¡than¡¡twenty¡¡years¡¡ago¡¡is¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡helped¡¡introduce¡¡me¡¡to¡¡my¡¡Christian¡¡faith£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡spoke¡¡to¡¡me¡¡about¡¡our¡¡obligations¡¡to¡¡love¡¡one¡¡another£»¡¡to¡¡care¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sick¡¡and¡¡lift¡¡up¡¡the¡¡poor¡£¡¡He¡¡is¡¡a¡¡man¡¡who¡¡served¡¡his¡¡country¡¡as¡¡a¡¡£»¡¡who¡¡has¡¡studied¡¡and¡¡lectured¡¡at¡¡some¡¡of¡¡the¡¡finest¡¡universities¡¡and¡¡seminaries¡¡in¡¡the¡¡country£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡for¡¡over¡¡thirty¡¡years¡¡led¡¡a¡¡church¡¡that¡¡serves¡¡the¡¡munity¡¡by¡¡doing¡¡God's¡¡work¡¡here¡¡on¡¡Earth¡¡¡­¡¡by¡¡housing¡¡the¡¡homeless£»¡¡ministering¡¡to¡¡the¡¡needy£»¡¡providing¡¡day¡¡care¡¡services¡¡and¡¡scholarships¡¡and¡¡prison¡¡ministries£»¡¡and¡¡reaching¡¡out¡¡to¡¡those¡¡suffering¡¡from¡¡HIV/AIDS¡£
¡¡¡¡In¡¡my¡¡first¡¡book£»¡¡Dreams¡¡From¡¡My¡¡Father£»¡¡I¡¡described¡¡the¡¡experience¡¡of¡¡my¡¡first¡¡service¡¡at¡¡Trinity£º
¡¡¡¡¡¨People¡¡began¡¡to¡¡shout£»¡¡to¡¡rise¡¡from¡¡their¡¡seats¡¡and¡¡clap¡¡and¡¡cry¡¡out£»¡¡a¡¡forceful¡¡wind¡¡carrying¡¡the¡¡reverend's¡¡voice¡¡up¡¡into¡¡the¡¡rafters¡£¡£¡£¡£And¡¡in¡¡that¡¡single¡¡note¡¡¡­¡¡hope£¡¡¡¡­¡¡I¡¡heard¡¡something¡¡else£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡that¡¡cross£»¡¡inside¡¡the¡¡thousands¡¡of¡¡churches¡¡across¡¡the¡¡city£»¡¡I¡¡imagined¡¡the¡¡stories¡¡of¡¡ordinary¡¡black¡¡people¡¡merging¡¡with¡¡the¡¡stories¡¡of¡¡David¡¡and¡¡Goliath£»¡¡Moses¡¡and¡¡Pharaoh£»¡¡the¡¡Christians¡¡in¡¡the¡¡lion's¡¡den£»¡¡Ezekiel's¡¡field¡¡of¡¡dry¡¡bones¡£¡¡Those¡¡stories¡¡¡­¡¡of¡¡survival£»¡¡and¡¡freedom£»¡¡and¡¡hope¡¡¡­¡¡became¡¡our¡¡story£»¡¡my¡¡story£»¡¡the¡¡blood¡¡that¡¡had¡¡spilled¡¡was¡¡our¡¡blood£»¡¡the¡¡tears¡¡our¡¡tears£»¡¡until¡¡this¡¡black¡¡church£»¡¡on¡¡this¡¡bright¡¡day£»¡¡seemed¡¡once¡¡more¡¡a¡¡vessel¡¡carrying¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡a¡¡people¡¡into¡¡future¡¡generations¡¡and¡¡into¡¡a¡¡larger¡¡world¡£¡¡Our¡¡trials¡¡and¡¡triumphs¡¡became¡¡at¡¡once¡¡unique¡¡and¡¡universal£»¡¡black¡¡and¡¡more¡¡than¡¡black£»¡¡in¡¡chronicling¡¡our¡¡journey£»¡¡the¡¡stories¡¡and¡¡songs¡¡gave¡¡us¡¡a¡¡means¡¡to¡¡reclaim¡¡memories¡¡that¡¡we¡¡didn't¡¡need¡¡to¡¡feel¡¡shame¡¡about¡£¡£¡£memories¡¡that¡¡all¡¡people¡¡might¡¡study¡¡and¡¡cherish¡¡¡­¡¡and¡¡with¡¡which¡¡we¡¡could¡¡start¡¡to¡¡rebuild¡£¡¨
¡¡¡¡That¡¡has¡¡been¡¡my¡¡experience¡¡at¡¡Trinity¡£¡¡Like¡¡other¡¡predominantly¡¡black¡¡churches¡¡across¡¡the¡¡country£»¡¡Trinity¡¡embodies¡¡the¡¡black¡¡munity¡¡in¡¡its¡¡entirety¡¡¡­¡¡the¡¡doctor¡¡and¡¡the¡¡welfare¡¡mom£»¡¡the¡¡model¡¡student¡¡and¡¡the¡¡former¡¡gang¡­banger¡£¡¡Like¡¡other¡¡black¡¡churches£»¡¡Trinity's¡¡services¡¡are¡¡full¡¡of¡¡raucous¡¡laughter¡¡and¡¡sometimes¡¡bawdy¡¡humor¡£¡¡They¡¡are¡¡full¡¡of¡¡dancing£»¡¡clapping£»¡¡screaming¡¡and¡¡shouting¡¡that¡¡may¡¡seem¡¡jarring¡¡to¡¡the¡¡untrained¡¡ear¡£¡¡The¡¡church¡¡contains¡¡in¡¡full¡¡the¡¡kindness¡¡and¡¡cruelty£»¡¡the¡¡fierce¡¡intelligence¡¡and¡¡the¡¡shocking¡¡ignorance£»¡¡the¡¡struggles¡¡and¡¡successes£»¡¡the¡¡love¡¡and¡¡yes£»¡¡the¡¡bitterness¡¡and¡¡bias¡¡that¡¡make¡¡up¡¡the¡¡black¡¡experience¡¡in¡¡America¡£
¡¡¡¡And¡¡this¡¡helps¡¡explain£»¡¡perhaps£»¡¡my¡¡relationship¡¡with¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright¡£¡¡As¡¡imperfect¡¡as¡¡he¡¡may¡¡be£»¡¡he¡¡has¡¡been¡¡like¡¡family¡¡to¡¡me¡£¡¡He¡¡strengthened¡¡my¡¡faith£»¡¡officiated¡¡my¡¡wedding£»¡¡and¡¡baptized¡¡my¡¡children¡£¡¡Not¡¡once¡¡in¡¡my¡¡conversations¡¡with¡¡him¡¡have¡¡I¡¡heard¡¡him¡¡talk¡¡about¡¡any¡¡ethnic¡¡group¡¡in¡¡derogatory¡¡terms£»¡¡or¡¡treat¡¡whites¡¡with¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡interacted¡¡with¡¡anything¡¡but¡¡courtesy¡¡and¡¡respect¡£¡¡He¡¡contains¡¡within¡¡him¡¡the¡¡contradictions¡¡¡­¡¡the¡¡good¡¡and¡¡the¡¡bad¡¡¡­¡¡of¡¡the¡¡munity¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡served¡¡diligently¡¡for¡¡so¡¡many¡¡years¡£
¡¡¡¡I¡¡can¡¡no¡¡more¡¡disown¡¡him¡¡than¡¡I¡¡can¡¡disown¡¡the¡¡black¡¡munity¡£¡¡I¡¡can¡¡no¡¡more¡¡disown¡¡him¡¡than¡¡I¡¡can¡¡my¡¡white¡¡grandmother¡¡¡­¡¡a¡¡woman¡¡who¡¡helped¡¡raise¡¡me£»¡¡a¡¡woman¡¡who¡¡sacrificed¡¡again¡¡and¡¡again¡¡for¡¡me£»¡¡a¡¡woman¡¡who¡¡loves¡¡me¡¡as¡¡much¡¡as¡¡she¡¡loves¡¡anything¡¡in¡¡this¡¡world£»¡¡but¡¡a¡¡woman¡¡who¡¡once¡¡confessed¡¡her¡¡fear¡¡of¡¡black¡¡men¡¡who¡¡passed¡¡by¡¡her¡¡on¡¡the¡¡street£»¡¡and¡¡who¡¡on¡¡more¡¡than¡¡one¡¡occasion¡¡has¡¡uttered¡¡racial¡¡or¡¡ethnic¡¡stereotypes¡¡that¡¡made¡¡me¡¡cringe¡£¡¡µç×ÓÊé¡¡·ÖÏíÍøÕ¾

¸üÍêÉƵÄÁª°î£¨9£©
These¡¡people¡¡are¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡me¡£¡¡And¡¡they¡¡are¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡America£»¡¡this¡¡country¡¡that¡¡I¡¡love¡£
¡¡¡¡Some¡¡will¡¡see¡¡this¡¡as¡¡an¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡justify¡¡or¡¡excuse¡¡ments¡¡that¡¡are¡¡simply¡¡inexcusable¡£¡¡I¡¡can¡¡assure¡¡you¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡£¡¡I¡¡suppose¡¡the¡¡politically¡¡safe¡¡thing¡¡would¡¡be¡¡to¡¡move¡¡on¡¡from¡¡this¡¡episode¡¡and¡¡just¡¡hope¡¡that¡¡it¡¡fades¡¡into¡¡the¡¡woodwork¡£¡¡We¡¡can¡¡dismiss¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright¡¡as¡¡a¡¡crank¡¡or¡¡a¡¡demagogue£»¡¡just¡¡as¡¡some¡¡have¡¡dismissed¡¡Geraldine¡¡Ferraro£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡aftermath¡¡of¡¡her¡¡recent¡¡statements£»¡¡as¡¡harboring¡¡some¡¡deep¡­seated¡¡racial¡¡bias¡£
¡¡¡¡But¡¡race¡¡is¡¡an¡¡issue¡¡that¡¡I¡¡believe¡¡this¡¡nation¡¡cannot¡¡afford¡¡to¡¡ignore¡¡right¡¡now¡£¡¡We¡¡would¡¡be¡¡making¡¡the¡¡same¡¡mistake¡¡that¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright¡¡made¡¡in¡¡his¡¡offending¡¡sermons¡¡about¡¡America¡¡¡­¡¡to¡¡simplify¡¡and¡¡stereotype¡¡and¡¡amplify¡¡the¡¡negative¡¡to¡¡the¡¡point¡¡that¡¡it¡¡distorts¡¡reality¡£
¡¡¡¡The¡¡fact¡¡is¡¡that¡¡the¡¡ments¡¡that¡¡have¡¡been¡¡made¡¡and¡¡the¡¡issues¡¡that¡¡have¡¡surfaced¡¡over¡¡the¡¡last¡¡few¡¡weeks¡¡reflect¡¡the¡¡plexities¡¡of¡¡race¡¡in¡¡this¡¡country¡¡that¡¡we've¡¡never¡¡really¡¡worked¡¡through¡¡¡­¡¡a¡¡part¡¡of¡¡our¡¡union¡¡that¡¡we¡¡have¡¡yet¡¡to¡¡perfect¡£¡¡And¡¡if¡¡we¡¡walk¡¡away¡¡now£»¡¡if¡¡we¡¡simply¡¡retreat¡¡into¡¡our¡¡respective¡¡corners£»¡¡we¡¡will¡¡never¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡e¡¡together¡¡and¡¡solve¡¡challenges¡¡like¡¡health¡¡care£»¡¡or¡¡education£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡need¡¡to¡¡find¡¡good¡¡jobs¡¡for¡¡every¡¡American¡£
¡¡¡¡Understanding¡¡this¡¡reality¡¡requires¡¡a¡¡reminder¡¡of¡¡how¡¡we¡¡arrived¡¡at¡¡this¡¡point¡£¡¡As¡¡William¡¡Faulkner¡¡once¡¡wrote£»¡¡¡¨The¡¡past¡¡isn't¡¡dead¡¡and¡¡buried¡£¡¡In¡¡fact£»¡¡it¡¡isn't¡¡even¡¡past¡£¡¨¡¡We¡¡do¡¡not¡¡need¡¡to¡¡recite¡¡here¡¡the¡¡history¡¡of¡¡racial¡¡injustice¡¡in¡¡this¡¡country¡£¡¡But¡¡we¡¡do¡¡need¡¡to¡¡remind¡¡ourselves¡¡that¡¡so¡¡many¡¡of¡¡the¡¡disparities¡¡that¡¡exist¡¡in¡¡the¡¡African¡­American¡¡munity¡¡today¡¡can¡¡be¡¡directly¡¡traced¡¡to¡¡inequalities¡¡passed¡¡on¡¡from¡¡an¡¡earlier¡¡generation¡¡that¡¡suffered¡¡under¡¡the¡¡brutal¡¡legacy¡¡of¡¡slavery¡¡and¡¡Jim¡¡Crow¡£
¡¡¡¡Segregated¡¡schools¡¡were£»¡¡and¡¡are£»¡¡inferior¡¡schools£»¡¡we¡¡still¡¡haven't¡¡fixed¡¡them£»¡¡fifty¡¡years¡¡after¡¡Brown¡¡v¡£¡¡Board¡¡of¡¡Education£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡inferior¡¡education¡¡they¡¡provided£»¡¡then¡¡and¡¡now£»¡¡helps¡¡explain¡¡the¡¡pervasive¡¡achievement¡¡gap¡¡between¡¡today's¡¡black¡¡and¡¡white¡¡students¡£
¡¡¡¡Legalized¡¡discrimination¡¡¡­¡¡where¡¡blacks¡¡were¡¡prevented£»¡¡often¡¡through¡¡violence£»¡¡from¡¡owning¡¡property£»¡¡or¡¡loans¡¡were¡¡not¡¡granted¡¡to¡¡African¡­American¡¡business¡¡owners£»¡¡or¡¡black¡¡homeowners¡¡could¡¡not¡¡access¡¡FHA¡¡mortgages£»¡¡or¡¡blacks¡¡were¡¡excluded¡¡from¡¡unions£»¡¡or¡¡the¡¡police¡¡force£»¡¡or¡¡fire¡¡departments¡¡¡­¡¡meant¡¡that¡¡black¡¡families¡¡could¡¡not¡¡amass¡¡any¡¡meaningful¡¡wealth¡¡to¡¡bequeath¡¡to¡¡future¡¡generations¡£¡¡That¡¡history¡¡helps¡¡explain¡¡the¡¡wealth¡¡and¡¡ine¡¡gap¡¡between¡¡black¡¡and¡¡white£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡concentrated¡¡pockets¡¡of¡¡poverty¡¡that¡¡persists¡¡in¡¡so¡¡many¡¡of¡¡today's¡¡urban¡¡and¡¡rural¡¡munities¡£
¡¡¡¡A¡¡lack¡¡of¡¡economic¡¡opportunity¡¡among¡¡black¡¡men£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡shame¡¡and¡¡frustration¡¡that¡¡came¡¡from¡¡not¡¡being¡¡able¡¡to¡¡provide¡¡for¡¡one's¡¡family£»¡¡contributed¡¡to¡¡the¡¡erosion¡¡of¡¡black¡¡families¡¡¡­¡¡a¡¡problem¡¡that¡¡welfare¡¡policies¡¡for¡¡many¡¡years¡¡may¡¡have¡¡worsened¡£¡¡And¡¡the¡¡lack¡¡of¡¡basic¡¡services¡¡in¡¡so¡¡many¡¡urban¡¡black¡¡neighborhoods¡¡¡­¡¡parks¡¡for¡¡kids¡¡to¡¡play¡¡in£»¡¡police¡¡walking¡¡the¡¡beat£»¡¡regular¡¡garbage¡¡pick¡­up¡¡and¡¡building¡¡code¡¡enforcement¡¡¡­¡¡all¡¡helped¡¡create¡¡a¡¡cycle¡¡of¡¡violence£»¡¡blight¡¡and¡¡neglect¡¡that¡¡continue¡¡to¡¡haunt¡¡us¡£
¡¡¡¡This¡¡is¡¡the¡¡reality¡¡in¡¡which¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright¡¡and¡¡other¡¡African¡­Americans¡¡of¡¡his¡¡generation¡¡grew¡¡up¡£¡¡They¡¡came¡¡of¡¡age¡¡in¡¡the¡¡late¡¡fifties¡¡and¡¡early¡¡sixties£»¡¡a¡¡time¡¡when¡¡segregation¡¡was¡¡still¡¡the¡¡law¡¡of¡¡the¡¡land¡¡and¡¡opportunity¡¡was¡¡systematically¡¡constricted¡£¡¡What's¡¡remarkable¡¡is¡¡not¡¡how¡¡many¡¡failed¡¡in¡¡the¡¡face¡¡of¡¡discrimination£»¡¡but¡¡rather¡¡how¡¡many¡¡men¡¡and¡¡women¡¡overcame¡¡the¡¡odds£»¡¡how¡¡many¡¡were¡¡able¡¡to¡¡make¡¡a¡¡way¡¡out¡¡of¡¡no¡¡way¡¡for¡¡those¡¡like¡¡me¡¡who¡¡would¡¡e¡¡after¡¡them¡£

¸üÍêÉƵÄÁª°î£¨10£©
But¡¡for¡¡all¡¡those¡¡who¡¡scratched¡¡and¡¡clawed¡¡their¡¡way¡¡to¡¡get¡¡a¡¡piece¡¡of¡¡the¡¡American¡¡Dream£»¡¡there¡¡were¡¡many¡¡who¡¡didn't¡¡make¡¡it¡¡¡­¡¡those¡¡who¡¡were¡¡ultimately¡¡defeated£»¡¡in¡¡one¡¡way¡¡or¡¡another£»¡¡by¡¡discrimination¡£¡¡That¡¡legacy¡¡of¡¡defeat¡¡was¡¡passed¡¡on¡¡to¡¡future¡¡generations¡¡¡­¡¡those¡¡young¡¡men¡¡and¡¡increasingly¡¡young¡¡women¡¡who¡¡we¡¡see¡¡standing¡¡on¡¡street¡¡corners¡¡or¡¡languishing¡¡in¡¡our¡¡prisons£»¡¡without¡¡hope¡¡or¡¡prospects¡¡for¡¡the¡¡future¡£¡¡Even¡¡for¡¡those¡¡blacks¡¡who¡¡did¡¡make¡¡it£»¡¡questions¡¡of¡¡race£»¡¡and¡¡racism£»¡¡continue¡¡to¡¡define¡¡their¡¡worldview¡¡in¡¡fundamental¡¡ways¡£¡¡For¡¡the¡¡men¡¡and¡¡women¡¡of¡¡Reverend¡¡Wright's¡¡generation£»¡¡the¡¡memories¡¡of¡¡humiliation¡¡and¡¡doubt¡¡and¡¡fear¡¡have¡¡not¡¡gone¡¡away£»¡¡nor¡¡has¡¡the¡¡anger¡¡and¡¡the¡¡bitterness¡¡of¡¡those¡¡years¡£¡¡That¡¡anger¡¡may¡¡not¡¡get¡¡expressed¡¡in¡¡public£»¡¡in¡¡fro
СÌáʾ£º°´ »Ø³µ [Enter] ¼ü ·µ»ØÊéÄ¿£¬°´ ¡û ¼ü ·µ»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³£¬ °´ ¡ú ¼ü ½øÈëÏÂÒ»Ò³¡£ ÔÞһϠÌí¼ÓÊéÇ©¼ÓÈëÊé¼Ü