nd babies born in Charleston were Jacobians or Cavaliers or some such name。〃
〃They still are；〃 Alvin pointed out。
〃They are indeed； lad； but they're something else besides。 All those names； Old Ben figured； those names divided us up into Virginians and Orangemen and Rhode Islanders； into Whites and Reds and Blacks； into Quakers and Papists and Puritans and Presbyterians； into Dutch； Swedish； French； and English。 Old Ben saw how a Virginian could never quite trust a man from Netticut； and how a White man could never quite trust a Red； because they were different。 And he said to himself； If we've got all these names to hold us apart； why not a name to bind us together？ He toyed with a lot of names that already were used。 Colonials； for instance。 But he didn't like calling us all Colonials because that made us always turn our eyes back to Europe； and besides； the Reds aren't Colonials； are they！ Nor are the Blacks； since they came as slaves。 Do you see the problem？〃
〃He wanted a name we could all share the same；〃 said Alvin。
〃Just right。 There was one thing we all had in mon。 We all lived on the same continent。 North America。 So he thought of calling us North Americans。 But that was too long。 So〃
〃Americans。〃
〃That's a name that belongs to a fisherman living on the rugged coast of West Anglia as much as to a baron ruling his slavehold in the southwest part of Dryden。 It belongs as much to the Mohawk chief in Irrakwa as to the Knickerbocker shopkeeper in New Amsterdam。 Old Ben knew that if people could once start thinking of themselves as Americans； we'd bee a nation。 Not just a piece of some tired old European country； but a single new nation here in a new land。 So he started using that word in everything he wrote。 Poor Richard's Almanac was full of talk about Americans this and Americans that。 And Old Ben wrote letters to everybody； saying things like； Conflict over land claims is a problem for Americans to solve together。 Europeans can't possibly understand what Americans need to survive。 Why should Americans die for European wars？ Why should Americans be bound by European precedents in our courts of law？ Inside of five years； there was hardly a person from New England to Jacobia who didn't think of himself as being； at least partly； an American。〃
〃It was just a name。〃
〃But it is the name by which we call ourselves。 And it includes everyone else on this continent who's willing to accept the name。 Old Ben worked hard to make sure that name included as many people as possible。 Without ever holding any public office except postmaster； he singlehandedly turned a name into a nation。 With the King ruling over the Cavaliers in the south； and the Lord Protector's men ruling over New England in the north； he saw nothing but chaos and war ahead； with Pennsylvania smack in the middle。 He wanted to forestall that war； and he used the name 'American' to fend it off。 He made the New Englanders fear to offend Pennsylvania； and made the Cavaliers bend over backward trying to woo Pennsylvanian support。 He was the one who agitated for an American Congress to establish trade policies and uniform land law。
〃And finally；〃 Taleswapper continued； 〃just before he invited me over from England； he wrote the American pact and got the seven original colonies to sign it。 It wasn't easy； you know even the number of states was the result of a great deal of struggle。 The Dutch could see that most of the immigrants to America were English and Irish and Scotch； and they didn't want to be swallowed up so Old Ben allowed them to divide New Netherland into three colonies so they'd have more votes in the Congress。 With Suskwahenny split off from the land claimed by New Sweden and Pennsylvania； another squabble was put to rest。〃
〃That's only six states；〃 said Alvin。
〃Old Ben refused to allow anyone to sign the pact unless the Irrakwa were included as the seventh state； with firm borders； with Reds governing themselves。 There were plenty of people who wanted a White man's nation； but Old Ben wouldn't hear of it。 The only way to have peace； he said； was for all Americans to join together as equals。 That's why his pact doesn't allow slavery or even bonding。 That's why his pact doesn't allow any religion to have authority over any other。 That's why his pact doesn't let the government close down a press or silence a speech。 White； Black； and Red； Papist； Puritan； and Presbyterian； rich man； poor man； beggarman； thief we all live under the same laws。 One nation； created out of a single word。〃
〃American。〃
〃Now do you see why he calls it his greatest deed？〃
〃How e the pact itself ain't more important？〃
〃The pact was just the words。 The name 'American' was the idea that made the words。〃
〃It still doesn't include the Yankees and the Cavaliers； and it didn't stop war； neither； cause the Appalachee folk are still fighting against the King。〃
〃But it does include all those people； Alvin。 Remember the story of George Washington in Shenandoah？ He was Lord Potomac in those days； leading King Robert's largest army against that poor ragtag band that was all Ben Arnold had left。 It was plain to see that in the morning； Lord Potomac's Cavaliers would overrun that little fort and seal the doom of Tom Jefferson's free…mountain rebellion。 But Lord Potomac had fought beside those mountain men in the wars against the French。 And Tom Jefferson had been his friend in days gone by。 In his heart he could not bear to think of the morrow's battle。 Who was King Robert； that so much blood should be shed for him？ All these rebels wanted was to own their land； and not have the King set barons over them； to tax them dry and turn them into slaves as surely as any Black in the Crown Colonies。 He didn't sleep at all that night。〃
〃He was praying；〃 said Alvin。
〃That's the way Thrower tells it；〃 Taleswapper said sharply。 〃But no one knows。 And when he spoke to the troops the next morning； he didn't say a word about prayer。 But he did speak about the word Ben Franklin made。 He wrote a letter to the King； resigning from his mand and rejecting his lands and titles。 He didn't sign it 'Lord Potomac；' he signed it 'George Washington。' Then he rose up in the morning and stood before the blue…coat soldiers of the King and told them what he had done； and told them that they were free to choose； all of them； whether to obey their officers and go into battle； or march instead in defense of Tom Jefferson's great Declaration of Freedom。 He said； 'The choice is yours； but as for me'〃
Alvin knew the words； as did every man； woman； and child on the continent。 Now the words meant all the more to him； and he shouted them out： 〃'My American sword will never shed a drop of American blood！'〃
〃And then； when most of his army had gone and joined the Appalachee rebels； with their guns and their powder； their wagons and their supplies； he ordered the senior officer of the men loyal to the King to arrest him。 'I broke my oath to the King；' he said。 'It was for the sake of a higher good； but still I broke my oath； and I will pay the price for my treason。' He paid； yes sir； paid with a blade through his neck。 But how many people outside the court of the King think it was really treason？〃
〃Not a one；〃 said Alvin。
〃And has the King been able to fight a single battle against the Appalachees since that day？〃
〃Not a one。〃
〃Not a man on that battlefield in Shenandoah was a citizen of the United States。 Not a man of them lived under the American pact。 And yet when George Washington spoke of American swords and American blood； they understood the name to mean themselves。 Now tell me； Alvin Junior； was old Ben wrong to say that the greatest thing he ever made was a single word？〃
Alvin would have answered； but right then they stepped up onto the porch of the house； and before they could get to the door； it swung open； and Ma stood there looking down at him。 From the look on her face； Alvin knew that he was in trouble this time； and he knew why。
〃I meant to go to church； Ma！〃
〃Lots of dead people meant to go to heaven；〃 she answered； 〃and they didn't get there； neither。〃
〃It was my fault； Goody Faith；〃 said T