ich they placed alongside him。
Then they brought a dog； which they cut in two； and threw into the ship。 They laid all his weapons beside him； and led up two horses； which they chased until they were dripping with sweat； whereupon Buliwyf killed one with his sword and Thorkel killed the second； cutting them into pieces with their swords and flinging the pieces forth into the ship。 Buliwyf killed his horse less swiftly； which seemed to have some import to those who watched； but I did not know the meaning。
Two oxen were then brought forward； cut into pieces； and flung into the ship。 Finally they brought a cock and a hen； killed them； and threw them in also。
The girl who had devoted herself to death meanwhile walked to and fro； entering one after another of the tents that they had there。 The occupant of each tent lay with her； saying； 〃Tell your master I did this only for love of him。〃
Now it was late in the afternoon。 They led the girl to an object they had constructed； which looked like the frame of a door。 She placed her feet on the extended hands of the men； who raised her above the framework。 She uttered something in her language； whereupon they let her down。 Then again they raised her； and she did as before。 Once more they let her down； and then lifted her a third time。 Then they handed her a hen； whose head she cut off and threw away。
I inquired of the interpreter what it was she had done。 He replied： 〃The first time she said； 'Lo； I see here my father and mother'； the second time； 'Lo； now I see all my deceased relatives sitting'； the third time； 'Lo； there is my master； who is sitting in Paradise。 Paradise is so beautiful； so green。 With him are his men and boys。 He calls me； so bring me to him。' 〃
Then they led her away to the ship。 Here she took off her two bracelets and gave them to the old woman who was called the angel of death； and she was to murder her。 She also drew off her two anklets； and passed them to the two serving maids； who were the daughters of the angel of death。 Then they lifted her into the ship； but did not yet admit her to the tent。
Now men came up with shields and staves； and handed her a cup of strong drink。 This she took； sang over it； and emptied it。 The interpreter told me she said； 〃With this； I take leave of those who are dear to me。〃 Then another cup was handed to her； which she also took； and began a lengthy song。 The crone admonished her to drain the cup without lingering； and to enter the tent where her master lay。
By this time； it seemed to me the girl had bee dazed。6 She made as though she would enter the tent； when suddenly the hag seized her by the head and dragged her in。 At this moment the men began to beat upon their shields with the staves； in order to drown the noise of her outcries； which might have terrified the other girls and deterred them from seeking death with their masters in the future。
Six men followed her into the tent； and each and every one of them had carnal panionship with her。 Then they laid her down by her master's side； while two of the men seized her feet； and two the hands。 The old woman known as the angel of death now knotted a rope around her neck； and handed the ends to two of the men to pull。 Then； with a broad…bladed dagger； she smote her between the ribs； and drew the blade forth； while the two men strangled her with the rope till she died。
The kin of the dead Wyglif now drew near and； taking a piece of lighted wood； walked backward naked toward the ship and ignited the ship without ever looking at it。 The funeral pyre was soon aflame； and the ship； the tent； the man and the girl； and everything else blew up in a blazing storm of fire。
At my side； one of the Northmen made some ment to the interpreter。 I asked the interpreter what was said； and received this answer。 〃You Arabs；〃 he said； 〃must be a stupid lot。 You take your most beloved and revered man and cast him into the ground to be devoured by creeping things and worms。 We； on the other hand； burn him in a twinkling； so that instantly； without a moment's delay； he enters into Paradise。〃
And in truth； before an hour had passed； ship； wood； and girl had； with the man； turned to ashes。
THE AFTERMATH OF THE NORTHMEN'S FUNERAL
THESE SCANDINAVIANS FIND NO CAUSE FOR GRIEF IN any man's death。 A poor man or a slave is a matter of indifference to them； and even a chieftain will provoke no sadness or tears。 On the same evening of the funeral of the chief called Wyglif； there was a great feasting in the halls of the Northmen encampment。
Yet I perceived that all was not fitting among these barbarians。 I sought counsel with my interpreter。 He responded thusly： 〃It is the plan of Thorkel to see you die； and then to banish Buliwyf。 Thorkel has gathered the support of some earls to himself； but there is dispute in every house and every quarter。〃
Much distressed； I said； 〃I have no part in this affair。 How shall I act？〃
The interpreter said I should flee if I could； but if I were caught； this would be proof of my guilt and I would be treated as a thief。 A thief is treated in this fashion： the Northmen lead him to a thick tree； fasten a strong rope about him； string him up； and let him hang until he rots to pieces by the action of the wind and the rain。
Remembering also that I had barely escaped death at the hands of ibn…al…Qatagan； I chose to act as I had before； that is； I remained among the Northmen until I should be given free passage to continue on my journey。
I inquired of the interpreter whether I should bear gifts to Buliwyf； and also to Thorkel； to favor my departure。 He said that I could not bear gifts to both； and that the matter was undecided who would be the new chieftain。 Then he said it would be clear in one day and night； and no longer。
For it is true among these Northmen that they have no established way of choosing a new chief when the old leader dies。 Strength of arms counts high； but also allegiances of the warriors and the earls and noblemen。 In some cases there is no clear successor to the rule； and this was one of such eventualities。 My interpreter said that I should bide my time； and also pray。 This I did。
Then there came a great storm on the banks of the river Volga； a storm that persisted two days； with driving rain and forceful winds； and after this storm a cold mist lay on the ground。 It was thick and white； and a man could not see past a dozen paces。
Now； these same giant Northmen warriors； who by virtue of their enormity and strength of arms and cruel disposition； have nothing to fear in all the world； yet these men fear the mist or fog that es with storms。
The men of their race are at some pains to conceal their fear； even one from another； the warriors laugh and joke overmuch； and make unreasonable display of carefree emotion。 Thus do they prove the reverse； and in truth； their attempt to disguise is childish； so plainly do they pretend not to see the truth； yet verily； each and all of them； throughout their encampment； are making prayers and sacrifices of hens and cocks； and if a man is asked the reason of the sacrifice； he will say； 〃I make sacrifice for the safety of my faraway family〃； or he will say； 〃I make sacrifice for the success of my trading〃； or he will say； 〃I make sacrifice in honor of such or another deceased member of my family〃； or he will say many another reason； and then he will add； 〃And also for the lifting of the mist。〃
Now； I accounted it strange for such strong and warlike people to be so fearful of anything as to pretend a lack of fear； and of all the sensible reasons for fear； mist or fog seemed to my way of thinking very greatly inexplicable。
I said to my interpreter that a man could fear wind； or blasting storms of sand； or water floods； or heaving of the ground； or thunder and lightning within the sky； for all of these could injure a man； or kill him； or ruin his dwelling。 Yet I said that fog； or mist； contained no threat of harm； in truth it was the least of any form of changing elements。
The interpreter answered to me that I was lacking the beliefs of a sailor。 He said that many Arab sailors agreed with the Northmen； in the matter of uneasiness7 within the wrapping of mist； so； also；